ON THE ISSUE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MIGRATION POLICY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: TRENDS, PROBLEMS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Abstract

The article discusses foreign and Kazakh experience of state regulation of migration processes. Today, changing
internal conditions have led to volatility and unpredictability of migration processes. To solve these problems, comprehensive and long-term planning, coordination between various departments and monitoring of the situation on the labor market are necessary.
It is also important to take into account the long-term development prospects of the country and the needs of different regions. The surplus of low-skilled labor and the shortage of skilled workers indicate a mismatch between the skills and qualifications of workers and the demands of modern labor markets. An excess of low-skilled workers can lead to low productivity and wages, and a shortage
of skilled workers can slow the development of key industries. The solution includes improving the education system, supporting vocational training and developing qualification programs that meet the needs of the labor market.
Overcrowding in cities can create social and economic problems such as shortages of housing and services. The settlement of migrants in already densely populated regions could exacerbate this situation. This raises questions about sustainable urban development, infrastructure development and measures to encourage migration to less populated regions.
Also, a decrease in population in border and northern regions may cause problems with ensuring their economic growth and infrastructure. This could potentially impact national security, especially in border regions where territorial control is important.
An influx of migrant workers from Central Asian countries could increase competition in the labor market and put pressure on lowwage jobs. It also raises questions about migration management, including legislation and the integration of migrants.