Current trends in external labour migration in Kazakhstan

Abstract

The article examines the main trends of external labour migration in Kazakhstan at the present stage. At the same time, special attention is paid to the identification of the main causes and factors of external labour migration. The article contains an analysis of the main directions of external labour migration in Kazakhstan and the main areas of attracting foreign labour. External labour migration in Kazakhstan is presented as a result of the socio-economic development of the country and the migration policy pursued by the state. In the course of this study, it was revealed that one of the main trends of external labour migration in Kazakhstan is a significant reduction in the volume of emigration of compatriots against the background of a significant outflow of qualified personnel, which poses a threat to the country from the point of view of the potential of the national labour market. At the same time, the labor market of Kazakhstan is replenished with foreign labour and low-skilled labor immigrants, mainly from Central Asian countries. The authors conclude that the processes of external labour migration in Kazakhstan are the result of a symbiosis of both economic and non-economic factors. In this context, assessing the real scale of labour migration in Kazakhstan through the prism of its impact on the state of the national labour market is a difficult task.